Inadequate solid waste management contributes 5% of global greenhouse gas emissions. In Medellín, the situation is critical, with 55% of landfills near the end of their useful life and the main landfill, La Pradera, at risk of collapse. This research compares Medellín and Seoul, two leading cities in the IMD Smart City Index, focusing on their approaches to urban waste management. While Seoul utilizes advanced waste-to-energy technologies and smart pricing systems, Medellín relies on manual waste separation and informal recycling actors, highlighting the need for sustainable solutions.

Key differences emerge in education and technology. Medellín aims to implement solid waste management education programs but struggles with conceptual unification. Seoul, in contrast, has integrated environmental education into its school system, creating a structured framework for effective waste management. Technologically, Medellín is conducting feasibility studies for biogas collection and flaring at La Pradera landfill. Meanwhile, Seoul uses biogas from landfills to generate electricity for 43,000 residents, significantly reducing CO2 emissions.

This comparative study employs a descriptive qualitative methodology, utilizing primary and secondary sources. It reviews technological advances, plans, and projects in both cities to identify best practices and propose strategic recommendations. The findings aim to enhance waste management in Medellín, integrating technological innovation and policy frameworks for smarter, more sustainable cities. Ultimately, these measures can positively impact the environment, health, and quality of life for Medellín’s residents.