This research investigates the genetic basis of mental disorders, including anxiety, depression, aggression, psychopathy, and antisocial personality disorder. Studies suggest that genetics predispose individuals to these disorders, with specific genes such as those regulating serotonin and dopamine playing a significant role. The study utilized research methods focused on data collection from electronic databases, including Google Scholar, Mendeley, and Academia.edu, using keywords such as "genetics," "psychopathy," "antisocial personality disorder," "hereditary," and "anxiety." Articles in Spanish and English that were freely accessible and directly relevant to the topic were prioritized. The objective of this research is to summarize the genetic contributions to disorders such as anxiety, depression, aggression, psychopathy, and sociopathy. Based on the literature review, it is evident that specific genes influence each of these disorders. However, many individuals who carry these genes may not exhibit the associated disorders, although future generations might. This research offers insights that could support the development of early interventions and contribute to future studies aimed at advancing understanding and treatment.