Transfection is the process of introducing foreign genetic material to eukaryotic cells. This process requires certain chemical reagents or physical processes to deliver nucleic acids and plasmids to the cell. Fluorescent genes such as GFP or RFP are often inserted into plasmids to best visualize the effectiveness of the transfection. A high transfection efficiency is vital when studying the roles of exogenous cellular or viral proteins in cellular pathways. Vero cells are a common cell line used for studying viral infection, however they are notoriously difficult to transfect. This study compares the transfection efficiency of 3 different reagents: Calcium phosphate, Verofect (Oz Biosciences), and Lipofectamine 3000 (ThermoFisher). Variations of transfection protocols and reagents were used to determine the best method of Vero transfection. Cells were transfected using vectors that express fluorescent proteins fused to cellular proteins (GFP-Rab-8, and GFP-Rab-11) or Dengue Virus NS4B protein (RFP-NS4B). Our results indicate that Verofect is the most effective, as it had the highest estimated transfection efficiency at 90%, followed by Lipofectamine 3000 at 60-70%, and finally calcium phosphate at 10-20%. Comparing the vectors used, RFP fluorescence was more difficult to determine by fluorescent microscopy, which could result in artificially low transfection efficiency by our calculations. Overall, Verofect, a reagent designed specifically for transfection of Vero cells, did outperform both Lipofectamine 3000 and calcium phosphate.
Comparing the Transfection Efficiency of Vero Cells Using Calcium Phosphate, Verofect, and Lipofectamine 3000
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Student Abstract Submission