Masturbation is common and normal from childhood to old age. Taken from a representative sample of adult Americans, less than 40% of women and more than 60% of men have masturbated within the past year. For some people, masturbation has many benefits, such as exploring one’s sexuality, learning to appreciate one’s body, and helping relaxation and sleep. For other people, masturbation is associated with relationship dissatisfaction, beliefs of sinfulness, and feelings of shame. Having a measure of attitudes towards masturbation will help explain why people’s experiences with masturbation can be so different.  Existing measures of attitudes towards masturbation are outdated, too long, and fail to differentiate between positive and negative attitudes. This study's purpose is to develop an updated and improved scale measuring attitudes towards masturbation. We developed 12 items assessing positive attitudes towards masturbation and 12 items assessing negative attitudes towards masturbation, based on previous research. We are going to conduct an online study in which we will administer 24 attitude items, measures of demographics, religiosity, and other related constructs to a sample of 1,500 adults. As presented by my colleague, Christopher Ginn, we will use exploratory factor analysis to refine the attitude scale. Our goal is to have very brief subscales assessing positive and negative attitudes. Next, we will assess the convergent and divergent validity of the new scale. Convergent validity assesses whether scales that should be related are actually related. Divergent validity assesses whether scales that should not be related are actually not related. For example, we hypothesize that religiosity will be more strongly correlated with negative attitudes towards masturbation than with positive attitudes. This new measure of attitudes towards masturbation will shed light on why people have positive or negative experiences with masturbation.