The World Health Organization has identified eight variants of interest (VOIs) related to the COVID-19 pandemic, including Epsilon, Zeta, Eta, Iota, Kappa, and Mu. Remdesivir, an FDA-approved antiviral drug, has shown safety and effectiveness in treating pneumonia. Sinovac Biotech's Vero Cell Inactivated COVID-19 vaccine has shown antibody seroconversion of over 95% in phase I clinical trials. These variants could lead to increased virulence, decreased neutralization, or a decline in treatment efficacy. The World Health Organization's efforts to address these variants are crucial in maintaining public health during the pandemic.​ Detecting these variants requires novel diagnostic approaches that target specific viral nucleic acids, proteins, or anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.